A column from ChristianNames.org

Names, Explained

A column about Christian naming as a subject, written under the byline of Benjamin Smithe and supported by a small editorial team.

The history

How Christian families have chosen names across two thousand years.

July 19, 2026

Christian virtue names: Faith, Grace, Prudence, and the naming of virtues

A Christian virtue name is drawn from a virtue, doctrine, or devotional concept rather than from a person. Faith, Hope, and Charity descend from the three theological virtues named in 1 Corinthians 13; Prudence descends from the four cardinal virtues of classical philosophy absorbed into Christian moral theology; Grace, Mercy, Joy, Patience, and Constance entered English as given names largely through the seventeenth-century Puritan habit of naming children after virtues. Reading these names well means separating three things that are easy to run together: the English word, the biblical vocabulary it translates, and the later naming practice.

July 19, 2026

Saint names and Christian heritage: how a non-biblical name becomes a Christian name

Many strongly Christian names never appear as personal names in Scripture. They belong to the church through the people who carried them: martyrs, theologians, monastic founders, and other figures in Christian history. This page explains how saint heritage works as a naming mechanism, which bearer types the site tracks, and why recognition is named by tradition rather than claimed as universal.

July 8, 2026

Biblical prophet names: major prophets, minor prophets, and the prophetic tradition

Biblical prophets appear across a thousand years of scripture, from Samuel who anointed Israel's first kings (roughly 1000 BC) to John the Baptist who baptized Jesus (roughly 30 AD). The Old Testament preserves substantial writings from four Major Prophets (Isaiah, Jeremiah, Ezekiel, Daniel) and twelve Minor Prophets (the Book of the Twelve). Elijah and Elisha performed miracle-worker prophecies without prophetic books. Nathan and Samuel served as court prophets to kings. For a parent considering a prophet name, here is what the prophetic tradition means and what the individual names carry.

July 8, 2026

Early Christian saint names: martyrs, Doctors of the Church, and monastic founders

Christian saint names carry two thousand years of tradition. Early martyrs like Agnes, Cecilia, and Felicity, Roman girls killed for their faith in the third and fourth centuries, appear in the Roman Canon of the Mass and are honored across Catholic, Anglican, Orthodox, and Lutheran calendars. Doctors of the Church like Ambrose, Augustine, Gregory, and Anselm shaped Western theology. Monastic founders like Benedict and Clare established traditions still lived today. For a parent considering a saint name, here is how the tradition works and what the individual names mean.

July 7, 2026

Biblical angel names: Michael, Gabriel, and Raphael in scripture

Michael and Gabriel are the two angels named in canonical Protestant scripture. Both have been used as Christian names for centuries: Michael ranks #21 in the 2025 SSA data, Gabriel #37. Raphael, named in the Book of Tobit, is honored in Catholic and Orthodox tradition and ranks #394 in 2025. For a parent considering one of these names, here is what scripture says about the angels behind them, what the etymologies mean, and how the naming traditions differ across Christian communities.

June 19, 2026

How biblical women's names moved through 145 years of American naming

Mary held the US #1 girls' position every year from 1880 through 1946, briefly displaced by Linda before returning to the top from 1953 through 1961. In 2025 Mary ranks #125, her lowest position since the start of the SSA dataset. The trajectory is the most visible in a longer story: biblical women's names have moved through 145 years of American naming in patterns that reveal more than any single ranking tells. This is what the SSA data shows.

June 7, 2026

Which biblical names are rising? What 2025 baby name data shows

The May 2026 SSA release surfaced six biblical and church-heritage names hitting their all-time rank highs in 2025, plus two near-peaks from the past two years. Here are the eight names showing the strongest momentum in the freshest data.

June 7, 2026

Less common biblical girl names

Beyond Mary, Sarah, and the matriarch-and-prophetess names that dominate modern Christian naming, the New Testament names a handful of women in the early church whose roles were substantive and whose names have stayed in quiet use ever since. These four less common names carry real biblical provenance without being everywhere.

June 7, 2026

Boy names of the New Testament apostles

Twelve men ate with Jesus, walked with him, watched him die, and were sent to carry the message to the rest of the world. Their names became the foundation of Christian naming culture for two thousand years. Here are the thirteen apostle names worth knowing.

June 7, 2026

Boy names of the Old Testament kings and judges

If the prophets are Israel's conscience, the kings and judges are its history. From Moses leading the people out of Egypt to Solomon ruling at the height of the united monarchy, these are the figures who held responsibility for the nation. Here are the eight names from that era worth knowing.

June 7, 2026

Girl names of the Old Testament matriarchs

The matriarchs of Genesis are four women: the wives of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob. Three generations of mothers whose decisions shaped which tribes came to be and which lines carried the covenant forward. Here are the four matriarch names worth knowing.

June 7, 2026

Boy names of the Old Testament patriarchs

From Adam to Joseph, Genesis spends fifty chapters introducing the family whose names became some of the longest-running personal names in human history. Here are the thirteen patriarch names worth knowing, what they mean, and what each figure brought to the family tree.

June 7, 2026

Girl names of the New Testament

The New Testament gives more recorded conversations between Jesus and women than between Jesus and most of his named male disciples. Mary's consent at the Annunciation, Martha's confession at Lazarus' tomb, Elizabeth's blessing, Anna's testimony at the temple, the Magdalene's witness at the empty tomb. Seven of these names have remained in continuous Christian use.

June 7, 2026

Old Testament boy names making a comeback

Hebrew Bible boy names are quietly on the rise in modern American naming. The 2025 SSA data shows eight biblical and church-heritage boys' names with formal rising trends, some entering the Top 30, some recovering from a century-deep low. Here's what's coming back, and one theory about why.

June 7, 2026

Girl names of the Old Testament beyond the matriarchs

If the matriarchs anchor Genesis, the other Old Testament women anchor everything that comes after: the Exodus, the judges, the monarchy, and the exile. Seven of them have remained in steady use as Christian girls' names, each tied to a moment when a woman's decision changed what happened next.

June 7, 2026

Boy names of the Old Testament prophets

If the patriarchs are the family tree, the prophets are its conscience. From Samuel in the eleventh century BC to Malachi in the fifth, Israel produced a continuous line of figures whose work was to call the people, the kings, and the priesthood back to covenant. Here are the eleven prophetic names worth knowing.

June 7, 2026

Other notable New Testament boy names

The apostles get the credit, but they didn't carry the early church alone. The first generation of Christians included a deacon stoned to death for preaching, a physician traditionally credited with roughly a quarter of the New Testament, a young pastor Paul called his son in the faith, and three missionary companions who walked with Paul through riots, shipwrecks, and prisons.

June 7, 2026

Strong biblical girl names with deep meanings

This is the cluster for parents who want a biblical girl's name where the meaning is the point. Not just a pleasant sound or a familiar figure, but a Hebrew or Greek word that means something specific: grace, star, princess, my God is an oath. Here are eight picks where the meaning and the figure each pull weight.

The questions

The interesting questions readers actually ask about names.

July 19, 2026

Biblical name vs Christian name: two separate questions

Whether a name is biblical and whether it is a Christian name are two separate questions, and they do not always give the same answer. A name can be biblical and strongly Christian, Christian but not biblical, a biblical word used as a virtue name, or simply used by Christian families without being either. This page sets out the four combinations and the canon-dependent cases that sit between them.

July 19, 2026

Deuterocanonical and Apocryphal names: when a name's biblical status depends on the canon

A few names sit in books that some Christian traditions count as Scripture and others do not. Raphael is named in the Book of Tobit; Tobit is part of the Catholic and Eastern Orthodox Old Testament but is placed in the Apocrypha or excluded by Protestant canons. This page explains what the site means by canon-dependent, sets out how the canon lists differ without arguing for any of them, and shows how the difference shapes an honest answer to the question is this a biblical name.

July 19, 2026

How name meanings work: reading a name meaning critically

A single name often carries several different meanings at once, and popular lists tend to blur them together. This page separates a name's linguistic root from the meanings that tradition, Scripture, and church usage added later. It also explains how to judge which sources to trust and how this site marks what is certain and what is not.

July 19, 2026

What is a biblical name? The senses a name can be biblical

"Biblical name" sounds like a single category, but it covers several different relationships to Scripture. A name can belong to a person in the Bible, name a place or a virtue, be a later form of a scriptural name, or appear only in books that some traditions count as canonical and others do not. This page walks through those senses so that calling a name biblical, or not biblical, becomes a precise statement rather than a vague one.

July 19, 2026

What is a Christian name? Six meanings, and how this site classifies them

The phrase Christian name carries at least six distinct meanings, and they do not all point at the same names. Some refer to Scripture, some to saints, some to virtue, some to baptismal practice, and one is simply an older word for a first name. This page separates those meanings and explains why this site classifies names on two clear axes rather than labeling everything a Christian uses a Christian name.

June 7, 2026

What happened to Deborah?

The name Deborah was the second most chosen American girl's name in 1955. In 2025 it ranked #864. That's the largest single-name decline in this site's biblical-name catalog. Here's what happened, what other names followed the same pattern, and one theory about why.

The practice

How to think about choosing a name, and what families consider.

June 7, 2026

How to pick a Christian baby name

The trouble with most name searches is not too few options but too many. Start with what you want the name to do: biblical heritage, family continuity, sound, or theological meaning. The right names rise to the top faster than scrolling another list.

A note from the editor

Alongside the name pages themselves, this site has a column called Names, Explained. It explores naming as a subject to be understood, not just listed: how Christian families have chosen names across two thousand years, where the interesting questions are, and what the historical record actually shows.

The column is written for anyone curious about names: parents choosing a name for a child, adults researching their own name or the names of family, and anyone who has ever wondered why a name carries the weight it does. It is written in a livelier voice than the name pages, because the subject calls for it.

It is part of this site, curated by me and supported by a small editorial team, and held to the same standards of accuracy and sourcing.

Benjamin Smithe, Editor